Genetic Algorithm Based Pathloss Optimization for Long Term Evolution in Lagos, Nigeria
Zachaeus K. Adeyemo, Owolabi K. Ogunremi, Akinyinka O. Akande

Abstract
The signal strength in any wireless communication system is being governed by the environment. The strength of signal at any location depends on the distance, frequency of transmission and obstacles along the path. This makes the signal strength unpredictable and exact analysis so difficult to obtain in planning of any communication system. Subsequently, the attenuation of signals at different frequencies and distances depends on the environment and is being predicted by propagation path loss models which give different results in different environments. One of the most commonly used empirical model to predict the path loss is the Okumura-Hata model. In this paper, the suitability of Okumura-Hata model for Long Term Evolution (LTE) is investigated at 2.3 GHz in Lagos. The signal strengths are taken through drive test at different distances from the four (4) LTE stations in Lagos. The model is optimized using Genetic Algorithm Technique. The performances of the Okumura- Hata model and optimized model are evaluated through the path loss. The path loss results obtained show that the optimized model values are slightly above the measured values. This indicates that the optimized model has taken care of the future development of the environment.

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